Knowledge Graph

A knowledge graph is a structured representation of real-world entities and the relationships between them, stored as nodes and edges. Entities (a property, a company, a person, a product) are connected by typed relationships (property is located in neighborhood, company is parent of brand, product belongs to category).

Knowledge graphs enable sophisticated queries that combine entity attributes with relationship traversal - 'find all properties within 500m of a metro station, owned by a developer with projects completed in the last 2 years, priced below the neighborhood median'. These multi-hop queries are impractical in relational or document databases.

Major applications include Google's Knowledge Panel (connecting entities in search results), financial graph databases linking companies and investments, and product knowledge graphs that connect products to brands, categories, and attributes. For data-rich applications in real estate or retail, knowledge graphs provide a powerful layer for contextual enrichment above raw listing or product data.